Amino acids are chemical compounds used by our organism to manufacture proteins. The importance of amino acids stems from the fact that proteins make up not only our muscles, ligaments, tendons, various organs, glands, nails, hair, blood, lymph, etc, but also all our 50,000 genes, 50,000 proteins and 20,000 enzymes, which participate in the biochemical processes that sustain life, health and well-being. All these proteins are manufactured in our bodies out of amino acids.
There are two types of amino acids. Those our bodies manufacture, and others that must be obtained from our food. The latter are called essential amino acids, a possibly misleading name referring strictly to the fact that they are essential in our food supply, not to be distinguished from other non-essential amino acids. There are no inessential amino acids; all are necessary.
| The essential amino acids are, | The amino acids manufactured by our bodies are, |
|
Arginine
Histidine Isoleucine Leucine Lysine Methionine Phenylalanine Threonine Tryptophan Valine |
Alanine |
Except for DL-Phenylalanine, the letter L- is usually attached at the beginning of most names, indicating the L series of amino acids, as contrasted to their mirror image D.
The L amino acids are found in all living animals and plants and are compatible with human biochemistry. Unless otherwise shown, all references to amino acids here are to the L form, but this L will be usually omitted. Amino acids are manufactured by the body on an as-needed basis, and they must never be taken as supplements, unless they are specifically recommended at appropriate dosages and combinations by qualified and experienced health professionals. Only these amino acids commonly found as supplements and often used by nutritionists are reviewed below. They are discussed with respect to their sources, uses, possible interactions, and safety precautions.
WARNING: Little is known concerning safe dosages of amino acids for pregnant and lactating women, young children, and people with severe liver or kidney disease. Such persons should not take amino acid supplements. It is of equal importance to use quality amino acids, as contaminants may become toxic.