Functions
Although often considered a member of the vitamin B complex, choline is not a true vitamin as some of it is synthesized in the liver. It is the active constituent of lecithin, the precursor of betaine required in metabolic functions. As acetylcholine it is crucial in brain and memory function, it reduces excess fat in the liver hence known also as "lipotropic factor". It is necessary for the regulation of the gallbladder and liver activity, and for the metabolism of fat and cholesterol.
Sources
Food sources are lecithin granules, egg-yolks, lecithin oil, soybeans, beef steak, wheatgerm, dried brewer's yeast, cereals, nuts, legumes, citrus fruits, green leaf vegetables, other fruits, etc. A problem with choline supplements is its pungent smell of dead fish, which may be imparted to the breath and the body. This may be resolved by taking lecithin instead of choline.
Uses
- Alzheimer's disease
- Angina
- Atherosclerosis
- Fatty liver
- High blood pressure
- Nervous system disorders
- Reduced resistance to infection
- Stroke
- Senile dementia
- Thrombosis Deficiency
Safety
Choline is generally safe, but very high doses may cause or aggravate a state of depression, which disappears when choline supplements are stopped.